Latest news about Games And Recreation and Health and more

Global Positioning System is used by an individual to determine that at which place he is located and it is also used to locate the other things as well by any individual. An aviation GPS system has gained so much popularity due to its accuracy and user friendly nature that in the field of aviation these kinds of devices are being used heavily by the companies. First of all the GPS system was tested with the help of a satellite system in 1978 and now after almost thirty years of its first experiment the GPS system has become the need of aviation field.

Aviation headsets that are used for the purpose of GPS are sold widely all over the world to the aviation companies. In United States of America, the GPS system is maintained and handled by the Defense of United States and for the convenience of their citizens they allowed every citizen to use this tracking system for free. Their citizens can use this facility without paying any cost as the whole cost is beard by the Government of United States of America. A new aviation system named as Garmin aviation GPS system is deigned having extra ordinary new features that are being used only in the air crafts so with the passage of time the GPS system is progressing and introducing extra ordinary features in every new model.

or the first time a Chinese astronaut performed a spacewalk heralding a ‘great leap forward’ for the Communist nation in space technology which western experts say is close to rivalling US and Russia.

Mission commander Zhai Zhigang floated out of the orbital module of Shenzhou-7 this afternoon and walked in space for about 13 minutes before climbing back inside the module.

“Shenzhou-7 is now outside the spacecraft. I feel well. I am here greetings the Chinese people and people of the world,” Xinhua news agency quoted the 42-year old taikonaut as saying after the event which was beamed live to the country.

The successful spacewalk by the Chinese astronaut could pave the way for Beijing to attempt to build a space station as also a lunar landing.

The spacewalk was a high point of the Chinese space programme with the country having already launched three manned space missions. Chinese, after Russia and US, are the only third nation to achieve such a space success.

China launched its first manned mission Shenzhou-5 in 2003, followed by a two manned mission in 2005. During Zhai’s spacewalk his fellow astronaut Liu Boming also emerged up to the module’s hatch to hand over the Chinese flag to Zhai.

In the Shenzhou-7 mission, the Chinese tested indigenous space suits as well as those imported from Russia. Yesterday, the three-module capsule shifted from an oval orbit to a more stable circular orbit 343 kilometres above the earth.

Faster and greater processing speeds are producing hotter and hotter miniaturised computer models like the laptop.

Researchers at the University of Virginia School of Engineering and Applied Science are working to overcome the excess heat generating problem using nanoelectronics, expected to power the next generation of computers.

‘Laptops are very hot now, so hot that they are not ‘lap’ tops anymore,’ said Avik Ghosh, assistant professor at the University. ‘The prediction is that if we continue at our current pace of miniaturisation, these devices will be as hot as the sun in 10 to 20 years.’

Ghosh and Mircea Stan, also a professor in the department, are re-examining nothing less than the Second Law of Thermodynamics. The law states that, left to itself, heat will transfer from a hotter unit to a cooler one - in this case between electrical computer components - until both have roughly the same temperature, a state called ‘thermal equilibrium.’

The possibility of breaking the law will require Ghosh and Stan to solve a scientifically controversial - and theoretical - conundrum known as ‘Maxwell’s Demon.’

Introduced by Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell in 1871, the concept theorises that the energy flow from hot to cold could be disrupted if there were a way to control the transfer of energy between two units. Maxwell’s Demon would allow one component to take the heat while the other worked at a lower temperature.

This could be accomplished only if the degree of natural disorder, or entropy, were reduced. And that’s the ‘demon’ in Maxwell’s Demon. ‘Device engineering is typically based on operating near thermal equilibrium,’ Ghosh said. But, he added, nature has examples of biological cells that operate outside thermal equilibrium.

‘Chlorophyll, for example, can convert photons into energy in highly efficient ways that seem to violate traditional thermodynamic expectations,’ he said, according to a University of Virginia report filed by Zak Richards.

A closely related concept, Brownian ‘ratchets,’ will also be explored. This concept proposes that devices could be engineered to convert non-equilibrium electrical activity into directed motion, allowing energy to be harvested from a heat source.

If computers could be made with components that operate outside thermal equilibrium, it could mean better computer performance. Basically, your laptop wouldn’t burst into flames as it processes larger amounts of information at faster speeds.

Combining Ghosh’s command of physics with Stan’s expertise in electrical engineering, the two hope to bridge the concept of tackling Maxwell’s Demon and Brownian ratchets from theoretical physics to engineered technologies.

‘These theories have been looked at from a physics perspective for years, but not from the perspective of electrical engineering,’ Stan said. ‘So that’s where we are trying to break some ground.’